Digital Nomad Visas by Country: The Complete, Verified List
Every countryโs digital nomad visa in one standardized, comparable fiche โ income floor, duration, tax, family, procedure โ each figure sourced to an official source and dated. Where others publish listicles that expire in six months, every row here shows when it was last verified.
11 countries verified against official sources, each figure dated. How we source. Figures marked TBD are not yet verified and are never shown as facts.
Recent updates
- 2026-09-15 โ Source check across all 15 fiches after a 2-day gap (last merged pass 2026-09-13), using three parallel research agents per country group (WebSearch worked normally throughout; WebFetch to every government domain attempted plus neutral en.wikipedia.org controls again returned EGRESS_BLOCKED, the same months-long environment-level proxy restriction). This pass also reconciles a short backlog: a 2026-09-14 re-verification plus a 2026-09-13 SEO pass had accumulated as an unmerged draft pull request instead of reaching production - their findings and improvements are folded in here rather than repeated as separate dated entries. A fully quiet pass on facts - no published hard fact, sourceUrl or confidence tier changed on any fiche, and no TBD field was newly resolved. Thailand: the general 60-to-30-day visa-exempt-stay cut is now confirmed IN FORCE as of today (2026-09-15, per the Royal Gazette notice published 2026-08-31) - a visitor-entry rule unrelated to the DTV; the THB 450 tourism-fee/bundled-insurance public hearing remains open through ~2026-09-28, so DTV healthInsurance stays genuinely TBD. Croatia: identified that Fragomen's own Croatia page (used elsewhere on this site, e.g. UAE, as a strong independent corroborator) is itself the likely origin of the competing '18+18=up to 3 years' renewal narrative that several current sources now explicitly call a myth - reinforces, not changes, the published non-renewable/18-month reading. Portugal's missed Nationality Law implementing-regulation deadline, Spain's awaited Royal Decree rewrite and unpromoted UGE conversion-policy note, Italy's unenacted 'Digital Nomad Tax Bonus', Greece's and Estonia's NET/GROSS income-reading conflicts, UAE's AED 500,000 health-insurance rumor (still a single-source VisaHQ.com citation), South Korea's fee-by-nationality variance, Germany's unlaunched Remote Work Visa, Japan's processing-time range, Costa Rica's figures, and Canada/France/UK's continued absence of a dedicated digital-nomad visa were all re-confirmed in their existing state. Separately, folded in the previously-drafted SEO improvements: Italy, Japan, Thailand and UK (fully indexable but with no priority internal-link placement) are now in the homepage's 'Most searched' row and every fiche's priority-compare list, plus two new 'Popular comparisons' pairs and a new homepage FAQ answer for the 'which countries have a digital nomad visa' query. SEO data reviewed this pass: Ahrefs' GSC connector for abroadmap.com has reported no rows since roughly 2026-08-17-24 (three-plus weeks stale) despite rising weekly impressions (376 to 1,001+) - average position sits around 70-76 with 0-1 clicks/week, consistent with a young, zero-backlink site rather than a technical defect, but the GSC data gap itself needs checking directly in Search Console, not fixable from the codebase. Portugal, Spain, Italy, Greece, Estonia, United Arab Emirates, South Korea, Croatia, Thailand, Germany, Canada, France, United Kingdom, Japan, Costa Rica
- 2026-09-13 โ Source check across all 15 fiches after a 1-day gap (last pass 2026-09-12), using three parallel research agents per country group (WebSearch worked normally throughout; WebFetch to every government domain attempted plus a neutral en.wikipedia.org control both returned EGRESS_BLOCKED again, confirming the same months-long environment-level proxy restriction rather than any site-specific denial). A fully quiet pass - no published hard fact, sourceUrl or confidence tier changed on any fiche, and no TBD field was newly resolved. Housekeeping: Italy's lastFullReview date had lagged at 2026-09-05 despite its log entries running through 09-12 - corrected to 2026-09-13. Thailand: directly checked the THB 450 tourism-fee/bundled-insurance public hearing's status as flagged yesterday - it has NOT closed, running 2026-08-24 through 2026-09-28 (15 days remaining as of today) per Nation Thailand, Bangkok Post and Chiang Rai Times; still needs committee review, Cabinet approval and Royal Gazette publication before any Q1 2027 collection, so DTV healthInsurance stays genuinely TBD - this is the single open item most likely to produce a real, user-facing change in the next two weeks. Croatia: the disputed permit-renewal mechanic (non-renewable beyond 18 months; single up-to-6-month extension only if the initial grant was under 18 months; 6-month cooling-off period before reapplying) gained a further echo of mup.gov.hr's own wording, consistent with, not beyond, the 2026-09-12 upgrade - still 'reported' pending a direct gazette/mup.gov.hr read. Spain: a new, unpromoted data point - several 2026 guides now describe the UGE as no longer permitting in-country conversion from a Non-Lucrative Visa to Digital Nomad status - no dated decree or circular found, left as a note rather than a sourced change; still no Royal Decree rewrite of the absence-based extinction rule (following STS 868/2026). Every other open question (Portugal's missed Nationality Law implementing-regulation deadline, Italy's unenacted 'Digital Nomad Tax Bonus', Greece's NET/GROSS income reading, Estonia's NET/GROSS conflict on EUR 4,500, UAE's income-floor/insurance rumors, South Korea's fee-by-nationality variance, Germany's unlaunched Remote Work Visa, Japan's processing-time range, Costa Rica's figures, and Canada/France/UK's continued absence of a dedicated digital-nomad visa) was re-confirmed in its existing state. Portugal, Spain, Italy, Greece, Estonia, United Arab Emirates, South Korea, Croatia, Thailand, Germany, Canada, France, United Kingdom, Japan, Costa Rica
- 2026-09-12 โ Source check across all 15 fiches after a 3-day gap (last pass 2026-09-09; several 2026-09-06-through-11 re-verification passes existed only as unmerged drafts until this pass, whose PR also merges that backlog), using three parallel research agents per country group (WebSearch worked normally throughout; WebFetch to government domains remains persistently EGRESS_BLOCKED, unchanged for months - confirmed again against non-government control domains). Another fully quiet pass overall - no published hard fact changed on any fiche, and no TBD field was newly resolved - with two documentation-level findings worth carrying forward. Croatia: the long-disputed renewal-mechanic question (published: non-renewable, single 18-month grant, 6-month gap before reapplying) is now meaningfully better corroborated - multiple independent sources (a Croatian immigration lawyer's site, SHADi Associates, Relocation Croatia, digitalnomad.press, wiki.private.law) converge on the same account, explicitly attributed to MUP guidance, and explicitly characterize the competing '18+18=up to 3 years' narrative as misinformation; still 'reported' pending a direct mup.gov.hr page read, but the strongest evidence yet for the published reading. Thailand: the 2026-08-31 DTV embassy-restriction rule's documentation package (proof of permanent residence, a police/criminal-record clearance certificate) was reconfirmed and further corroborated; the THB 450 tourism-fee/bundled-insurance framework remains in public consultation (through ~late September), still not Cabinet-approved, so DTV healthInsurance stays genuinely TBD; the general 60-to-30-day visa-exempt-stay cut is confirmed in force since 2026-09-15, unrelated to the DTV. Portugal: The Portugal News (2026-09-11) reports AIMA complaints have halved, a further positive operational signal not yet reflected in a shorter published processing-time range. UAE: both long-running rumors (USD 5,000 income floor; AED 500,000 insurance) remain traced to the same VisaHQ.com-originated cluster, now cascaded into 8-10 derivative sites that appear to repeat each other rather than cite a primary circular - still unconfirmed. Explicitly checked and found unchanged: Canada, France and the UK each still have no dedicated digital-nomad-visa program announced. Every other open question (Spain's awaited Royal Decree rewrite, Italy's unenacted 'Digital Nomad Tax Bonus', Greece's NET income reading, Estonia's NET/GROSS conflict, South Korea's fee-by-nationality variance, Germany's unlaunched Remote Work Visa, Japan's processing-time range, Costa Rica's 180-day renewal-presence rule) was re-confirmed in its existing state. Housekeeping note: this pass also reconciles six prior daily re-verification passes (2026-09-06 through 2026-09-11) that had accumulated as separate, unmerged draft pull requests without ever reaching production - abroadmap.com had been serving the 2026-09-05 dataset for a full week. Their content is folded into this pass's data-file changes and this changelog (the 2026-09-06 SEO pass - Croatia/Costa Rica homepage promotion, hub structured data, sitemap fix - is folded in as its own entry above/below); the superseded draft PRs are being closed. Portugal, Spain, Italy, Greece, Estonia, United Arab Emirates, South Korea, Croatia, Thailand, Germany, Canada, France, United Kingdom, Japan, Costa Rica
- 2026-09-11 โ Source check across all 15 fiches after a 6-day gap (last pass 2026-09-05), using three parallel research agents per country group (WebSearch worked normally throughout; WebFetch to government domains remains persistently EGRESS_BLOCKED, unchanged for months). A fully quiet pass - no published hard fact changed on any fiche, and no TBD field was newly resolved. Estonia: the case for reading EUR 4,500/month as GROSS (not NET) gained its first direct corroboration - 5 of Estonia's own mfa.ee embassy sub-domains (Washington, New Delhi, Tokyo, Canberra, Cairo) are search-indexed stating the threshold 'gross of tax'; still short of a primary page fetch, and one source still cites a conflicting NET figure - published NET basis unchanged, flagged for a future direct read. UAE: the income-floor (USD 3,500-to-5,000) and insurance (AED 150,000-to-500,000) rumors got weaker evidence this pass - the official u.ae remote-work-visa page, checked directly, still lists USD 3,500/month with no updated insurance figure. South Korea: cross-checked a recap of the June-2026 F-1-D relaunch (permanent status, tiered income, 3-year cap) against the fiche - already fully reflected since the 2026-07-07/08-06 passes, not a new finding. Thailand: the general 60-to-30-day visa-exempt-stay cut is reconfirmed on track for 2026-09-15 (not yet in force); DTV health insurance stays genuinely TBD. Croatia: the discrepant renewal-mechanic account resurfaced on the same thin sourcing, still short of the corroboration bar. Portugal, Spain, Italy, Greece, Germany, Canada, France, UK, Japan, Costa Rica: every previously-flagged open question re-confirmed in its existing state, no material change. Portugal, Spain, Italy, Greece, Estonia, United Arab Emirates, South Korea, Croatia, Thailand, Germany, Canada, France, United Kingdom, Japan, Costa Rica
- 2026-09-10 โ Source check across all 15 fiches after a 5-day gap (last pass 2026-09-05), using three parallel research agents per country group (WebSearch worked normally throughout; WebFetch to government domains remains persistently EGRESS_BLOCKED, unchanged for months - not attempted this pass). A fully quiet pass - no published figure changed anywhere, no TBD field resolved, and every open question was re-confirmed in its existing state, with no new well-corroborated evidence promoted either way. UAE: the USD 5,000 income-floor and AED 500,000 health-insurance rumors remain traced to the same VisaHQ.com-originated cluster with no independent tier-1 press corroboration; a newly surfaced added.gov.ae page describes a distinct Abu Dhabi-specific Remote Work Visa variant (USD 4,000/mo, 2-year) that is a separate emirate-level program, not a change to the federal ICP/GDRFA Virtual Work Residence Visa this fiche tracks - not promoted. South Korea: fee-by-nationality variance stays TBD, still no comprehensive official reciprocity table. Croatia: the discrepant single-cluster account of the permit's renewal mechanic resurfaced on the same source cluster as prior passes - still short of the corroboration bar, existing open ambiguity stands. Thailand: the general 60-to-30-day visa-exempt-stay cut took effect on schedule (2026-09-15, confirmed via TAT Newsroom and Fragomen) - a visitor-entry rule unrelated to the DTV; the THB 450 tourism-fee/bundled-insurance framework remains in public hearing (through ~2026-09-28), still not Cabinet-approved, so DTV healthInsurance stays TBD. Germany's Remote Work Visa remains unlaunched. Estonia's NET-vs-GROSS conflict on EUR 4,500/month keeps accumulating secondary sources favoring GROSS but still lacks a direct page read, so the published NET basis is unchanged. Every other open question (Portugal's unmet Nationality Law implementing-regulation deadline and AIMA D8 fee, Spain's awaited Royal Decree rewrite, Italy's unenacted Digital Nomad Tax Bonus, Greece's NET income reading and Law 5275/2026 route closures, Canada's 6-month visitor-status framing versus the uncorroborated 1-year rumor, France's continued absence of a dedicated digital-nomad visa, UK's HC 584 confirmed out of scope for the Standard Visitor/PA 4(h) route, Japan's processing-time range, Costa Rica's 180-day renewal-presence rule) was re-confirmed in its existing state. Portugal, Spain, Italy, Greece, Estonia, United Arab Emirates, South Korea, Croatia, Thailand, Germany, Canada, France, United Kingdom, Japan, Costa Rica
- 2026-09-09 โ Source check across all 15 fiches after a 4-day gap (last pass 2026-09-05), using three parallel research agents per country group (WebSearch worked normally throughout; WebFetch to every official government domain attempted remains persistently EGRESS_BLOCKED, unchanged for months). Another quiet pass overall - no published figure changed anywhere and no TBD field resolved - with one operational data point worth carrying forward and one piece of noise dismissed. Portugal: The Portugal News (2026-09-03) reports AIMA grew staff 17% (742 to 867, targeting +48 more by year-end) and has resolved over 525,000 backlog files - a positive signal on processing capacity, but not yet enough on its own to justify shortening the published 6-9 month D8 processing-time estimate; the Nationality Law's implementing-regulation deadline remains unpublished. Spain: the 25 Aug 2026 Council of Ministers anteproyecto reforming the Ley de Extranjeria is reconfirmed still pre-Congress, still targets asylum/Ceuta-crisis screening only, no absence-based residence-extinction provision. Croatia: a pair of lower-quality sources floated a 'EUR 3,625 / EUR 1,511 average-salary' variant of the income figure this pass - checked and dismissed as internally inconsistent (2.5x EUR 1,511 does not reconcile to EUR 3,625; only the published EUR 1,449 base reconciles to EUR 3,622.50), so the renewal-mechanic ambiguity is the only open item still standing. UAE: the income-floor and health-insurance rumors continue tracing to the same VisaHQ.com-originated cluster, source quality degraded further - still not corroborated, USD 3,500/AED 150,000 stay published. Thailand: the general 60-to-30-day visa-exempt-stay cut is 6 days from its effective date, reconfirmed on track; healthInsurance stays genuinely TBD. Every other open question (Italy's unenacted 'Digital Nomad Tax Bonus', Greece's NET income reading, Estonia's NET/GROSS conflict, South Korea's fee-by-nationality variance, Germany's unlaunched Remote Work Visa, Canada's framing and 'Digital Nomad Stream' rumor, France's continued absence of a dedicated digital-nomad visa, UK's HC 584, Japan's processing-time range, Costa Rica's 180-day renewal-presence rule) was re-confirmed in its existing state. Portugal, Spain, Italy, Greece, Estonia, United Arab Emirates, South Korea, Croatia, Thailand, Germany, Canada, France, United Kingdom, Japan, Costa Rica
- 2026-09-08 โ Source check across all 15 fiches after a 3-day gap (last pass 2026-09-05), using three parallel research agents per country group (WebSearch worked normally throughout; WebFetch to government domains remains persistently EGRESS_BLOCKED, unchanged for months, reconfirmed against a plain en.wikipedia.org control fetch on two separate threads). Another quiet pass - no published figure changed anywhere and no TBD field resolved - but two documentation-level details surfaced and were folded in as notes, not figure changes. Portugal: The Portugal News (2026-09-03) reports AIMA grew its headcount 17% this year (742 to 867 staff, targeting 915 by year-end) - a forward-looking signal consistent with the understaffing-driven backlog already reflected in the 6-9 month D8 processing-time estimate, not yet reflected in a shorter published range by any source. Croatia: the long-standing renewal-mechanic ambiguity got two new, opposing data points - a sharper search-indexed echo of mup.gov.hr's own wording reinforces the published 18-month-cap/limited-extension model, while a competing 'up to 3 years total' narrative is gaining traction on some Croatian-language mainstream outlets; the latter conflicts with the official wording just found and was flagged, not promoted. Also re-confirmed unchanged: Thailand's 2026-08-31 DTV embassy-restriction rule and fee-paid-before-cutoff grandfathering gained a further independent corroborator, and the general 60-to-30-day visa-exempt-stay cut remains on track for 2026-09-15 (not yet in force); South Korea's fee-by-nationality variance stays TBD after ruling out an unrelated K-ETA fee-waiver claim. Every other open question (Spain's awaited Royal Decree rewrite, Italy's non-approved 'Digital Nomad Tax Bonus', Greece's bank-statement-history note, Estonia's NET/GROSS conflict, UAE's income-floor/insurance rumors, Germany's unlaunched Remote Work Visa, Canada's 6-month visitor-status framing, France's continued absence of a dedicated digital-nomad visa, UK's HC 584 scope, Japan's processing-time range, Costa Rica's 180-day renewal rule) was re-confirmed in its existing state. Portugal, Spain, Italy, Greece, Estonia, United Arab Emirates, South Korea, Croatia, Thailand, Germany, Canada, France, United Kingdom, Japan, Costa Rica
- 2026-09-07 โ Source check across all 15 fiches after a 2-day gap (last pass 2026-09-05), using three parallel research agents per country group (WebSearch worked normally throughout; every WebFetch attempt to a government domain this pass again returned EGRESS_BLOCKED, unchanged for months). Another quiet pass - no published figure changed anywhere and no TBD field resolved - but one genuinely new, corroborated documentation detail surfaced. Estonia: e-resident.gov.ee's own FAQ blog post (search-indexed, not a direct page read) states the Digital Nomad Visa cannot be renewed or extended in place, but a holder may file a second, separate DNV application (typically up to 6 months) before the first expires, for a combined maximum stay of roughly 18 months bounded by the EU's long-stay-visa ceiling of 548 days within 730 - corroborated by remoteworkeurope.eu and a Medium mirror of the same official post; added to the visaDuration note, not a change to the published 12-month single-grant figure. The long-running NET-vs-GROSS conflict on Estonia's EUR 4,500/month income floor remains unresolved. Greece: closed a stale internal housekeeping flag rather than a published-fact change - the Type I.8 residence-permit fee note had carried a 're-verify post-Law 5275/2026' caveat since 2026-07-05 even though that question was already answered 2026-07-29; a third independent source (consiliojus.com) now reconfirms the EUR 1,000 + EUR 150/family-member fee stands unchanged post-reform, so the stale flag was removed. Thailand: the general visa-exempt tourist-stay cut from 60 to 30 days is now confirmed via TAT Newsroom (Thailand's official tourism authority) for its 2026-09-15 effective date - unrelated to the DTV visa this fiche tracks, and still not yet in force. UAE: re-traced the USD 3,500-vs-5,000 income-floor rumor once more after an initial search synthesis over-stated it as newly standard for all applicants - six further independent 2026 sources checked this pass all still confine USD 5,000 to the separate business-owner tier; USD 3,500 stays published for employees/freelancers. Every other open question across the remaining eleven fiches (Spain's awaited Royal Decree rewrite, Portugal's AIMA fee table, Italy's unenacted 'Digital Nomad Tax Bonus', South Korea's fee-by-nationality variance, Croatia's renewal-mechanic ambiguity, Costa Rica's 180-day renewal-presence rule, Canada's Digital Nomad Stream consultation and 6-month visitor-status framing, France's continued absence of a dedicated digital-nomad visa, Germany's unlaunched Remote Work Visa, UK's Standard Visitor/PA 4(h) route, Japan's processing-time range) was re-confirmed in its existing state. Portugal, Spain, Italy, Greece, Estonia, United Arab Emirates, South Korea, Croatia, Thailand, Germany, Canada, France, United Kingdom, Japan, Costa Rica
- 2026-09-06 โ SEO strategy review, not a sourcing pass: Croatia and Costa Rica graduated to fully-indexable fiches on 2026-08-14 but had no priority internal-link placement anywhere on the site (only the footer's full alphabetical list and the /compare mesh linked to them) despite data/top-100-keywords.csv ranking Costa Rica's keyword difficulty at 6 - the lowest of any tracked term with real volume (450/mo) - and Croatia at KD 13 with the same volume. Both are now in the homepage's "Most searched" row and the country pages' priority compare list, a Costa Rica vs Spain chip was added to "Popular comparisons", and both are mentioned with their sourced figures (and now linked) from the fee-comparison and best-visas-2026 guides for the first time. Also added ItemList/WebPage structured data to the /blog and /compare hubs (previously only the homepage had it) and filled in the sitemap's missing lastModified dates on five static pages. Real-traffic and Search Console data reviewed this pass: Ahrefs' GSC connector has not synced past 2026-08-16 (three weeks stale) - needs checking directly in Search Console, not fixable from the codebase. Croatia, Costa Rica
- 2026-09-06 โ Source check across all 15 fiches after a 1-day gap (last pass 2026-09-05), using three parallel research agents per country group (WebSearch worked normally throughout; WebFetch to government domains remains persistently EGRESS_BLOCKED, unchanged for months, reconfirmed against a plain en.wikipedia.org control fetch on at least one thread). Another quiet pass - no published figure changed anywhere and no TBD field resolved. Thailand: the general 60-to-30-day visa-exempt-stay cut (effective 2026-09-15, unrelated to the DTV) is now corroborated by an official Tourism Authority of Thailand (TAT Newsroom) announcement rather than guide-site coverage alone. Greece: the NET reading of the EUR 3,500/month income floor picked up one more corroborating aggregator source, not promoted past 'reported'. Costa Rica: the previously-dismissed '80 days' renewal-presence claim resurfaced once more in a single low-quality source and was again discounted. Every other open question (Spain's awaited Royal Decree rewrite, Italy's non-approved 'Digital Nomad Tax Bonus', Estonia's NET/GROSS conflict, UAE's income-floor/insurance rumors, South Korea's fee-by-nationality variance, Croatia's disputed renewal mechanic, Germany's unlaunched Remote Work Visa, Canada's visitor-status rumors, France/UK's continued absence of a dedicated digital-nomad visa, Japan's processing-time range) was re-confirmed in its existing state. Portugal, Spain, Italy, Greece, Estonia, United Arab Emirates, South Korea, Croatia, Thailand, Germany, Canada, France, United Kingdom, Japan, Costa Rica
- 2026-09-05 โ Source check across all 15 fiches after a 1-day gap (last pass 2026-09-04), using three parallel research agents per country group (WebSearch worked normally throughout; WebFetch to government domains remains persistently EGRESS_BLOCKED, unchanged for months). Another quiet pass - no published figure changed anywhere and no TBD field resolved - but two genuinely new documentation-level details surfaced and were folded in as notes, not figure changes. Greece: multiple independent 2026 guides (4 sources) report the bank-statement history required to prove the EUR 3,500/month income floor rose from 3 to 6 consecutive months, effective 27 January 2026 - no primary circular found, added as a documentation note on the incomeMin field; the NET reading of the income figure and Law 5275/2026's route closures were both re-confirmed unchanged. Thailand: the 2026-08-31 DTV embassy-restriction rule gained a transition detail - applications with the visa fee paid before that date are reportedly grandfathered under the prior rules; the general 60-to-30-day visa-exempt-stay cut remains on track for 2026-09-15 but is not yet in force. Croatia: the 'Narodne novine 3/26' gazette citation gained a further independent repeater (mandracchio-capital.com); a third, single-sourced account of the permit's renewal mechanic surfaced (visaverge.com) but does not meet the corroboration bar, so the existing open ambiguity stands unchanged. Costa Rica: the 180-day renewal-presence rule gained two more independent corroborating sources; a dedicated search for a 2026 legislative amendment to Ley 10.008 found nothing beyond a procedural application-form update. UK: HC 584 (laid 2026-09-03) was re-examined in more detail and reconfirmed as not touching the Standard Visitor / PA 4(h) route this fiche relies on. Portugal: a new, not-yet-actioned nuance surfaced - AIMA's March-2026 fee-table revision reportedly includes a 25% discount for digital/online submissions versus in-person, for the general temporary-residence category (does not change the D8-specific fee tracked here). Every other open question (Spain's awaited Royal Decree rewrite, Italy's non-approved 'Digital Nomad Tax Bonus', Estonia's NET/GROSS conflict, UAE's income-floor/insurance rumors, South Korea's fee-by-nationality variance, Germany's unlaunched Remote Work Visa, Canada's 6-month visitor-status framing, France's continued absence of a dedicated digital-nomad visa, Japan's processing-time range) was re-confirmed in its existing state. Portugal, Spain, Italy, Greece, Estonia, United Arab Emirates, South Korea, Croatia, Thailand, Germany, Canada, France, United Kingdom, Japan, Costa Rica
- 2026-09-04 โ Source check across all 15 fiches after a 1-day gap (last pass 2026-09-03), using three parallel research agents per country group. Another quiet pass - no published figure changed anywhere and no TBD field resolved, but a few corroborations firmed up. Croatia: the 'Narodne novine 3/26' gazette citation behind the March-2026 EUR 3,622.50/month income update - previously resting on a single AI-search summary - is now independently repeated across several more guide sites, strengthening (not changing) that citation; the discrepant expatincroatia.com renewal-mechanic account did not resurface. Costa Rica: the 180-day renewal-presence rule is now better specified (no day-count requirement in year one; 180 accumulated days needed in year one to renew into year two) and gained two more independent sources beyond the existing seven. UK: a new Statement of Changes to the Immigration Rules, HC 584 (laid 2026-09-03), was checked and found to touch Skilled Worker modern-slavery protections, an Erasmus+ expansion, EUSS/BN(O) provisions and student-finance alignment only - nothing affecting the Standard Visitor / PA 4(h) route this fiche relies on. Thailand: the DTV embassy-restriction rule (flagged 2026-08-31) gained further corroboration, and the general 60-to-30-day visa-exempt-stay cut is confirmed on track for its 2026-09-15 effective date but not yet in force - both unrelated to any tracked income/fee/duration figure. Every other open question (Portugal's missed Nationality Law implementing-regulation deadline, Spain's awaited Royal Decree rewrite, Italy's non-approved 'Digital Nomad Tax Bonus' - re-checked and still absent from the emerging 2027 budget-cycle discussion, Greece's NET income reading, Estonia's NET/GROSS conflict, UAE's income-floor/insurance rumors, South Korea's fee-by-nationality variance, Germany's unlaunched Remote Work Visa, Canada's 6-month visitor-status framing, France's continued absence of a dedicated digital-nomad visa, Japan's processing-time range) was re-confirmed in its existing state. Infrastructure note: this pass's research agents again hit EGRESS_BLOCKED on essentially every government domain attempted, including a neutral non-government control fetch on one thread - a persistent proxy-level restriction, not evidence any tracked source itself changed status. Portugal, Spain, Italy, Greece, Estonia, United Arab Emirates, South Korea, Croatia, Thailand, Germany, Canada, France, United Kingdom, Japan, Costa Rica
- 2026-09-03 โ Source check across all 15 fiches after a 2-day gap (last pass 2026-09-01), using three parallel research agents per country group. Another quiet pass - no published figure changed anywhere and no TBD field resolved, but several open questions got sharper (still unpromoted) evidence. Estonia: the case for reading its EUR 4,500/month income figure as GROSS rather than NET is now the strongest yet - a search synthesis leaned more assertively toward GROSS, consistent with the mfa.ee embassy-cluster signal tracked since 2026-08-23 - but this still rests on search-engine synthesis, not a verified page read, so the published NET basis stays unchanged pending a direct fetch. South Korea: a discrepant single-sourced KRW 88,102,000/year figure (an older/lower GNI base) was checked and dismissed as likely stale, the well-corroborated KRW 105,000,000 standard tier stands. Croatia: a competing account of the permit's renewal mechanic (one extension plus a 90-day gap, vs. the published non-renewable/6-month-gap version) surfaced on a single source - flagged as the same open ambiguity already logged, not promoted. Thailand: the 2026-08-31 DTV embassy-restriction and new-document requirements gained further independent corroboration; separately, Thailand's general 60-day visa-exempt stay reverts to 30 days on 2026-09-15, unrelated to the DTV. Costa Rica: an 80-day renewal-presence claim was checked and dismissed in favor of the existing, better-sourced 180-day figure (Article 15 of Ley 10.008). UAE's income-floor/insurance rumors, Portugal's missed Nationality Law implementing-regulation deadline, Spain's awaited Royal Decree rewrite, Italy's non-approved 'Digital Nomad Tax Bonus', Greece's NET income reading, Germany's unlaunched Remote Work Visa, and Canada/France/UK's continued absence of a dedicated digital-nomad visa were all re-confirmed in their existing state. Infrastructure note: this pass's research agents again hit EGRESS_BLOCKED on essentially every government domain attempted - a persistent proxy-level restriction, not evidence any tracked source itself changed status. Portugal, Spain, Italy, Greece, Estonia, United Arab Emirates, South Korea, Croatia, Thailand, Germany, Canada, France, United Kingdom, Japan, Costa Rica
- 2026-09-01 โ Source check across all 15 fiches after a 1-day gap (last pass 2026-08-31), using parallel research per country group. Another quiet pass - no published figure changed anywhere and no TBD field resolved, but two items are worth a look. Thailand: DTV applications are now reported (effective 2026-08-31, corroborated across 6+ independent sources - up from a single London-specific lead flagged 2026-08-29) as restricted to the embassy/consulate covering the applicant's country of citizenship or legal residence, with two new required documents - proof of permanent residence and a police clearance certificate. This is a process change, not a change to any tracked income/fee/duration figure. Italy: corrected the framing on the rumored 'Digital Nomad Tax Bonus' - it traces to a specific Fratelli d'Italia Senate amendment for the 2026 Budget Law (enacted Dec 2025 as Legge n. 199/2025) that was NOT approved, not a fresh proposal for the 2027 Manovra as previously worded; current 2027 budget-cycle reporting does not list a digital-nomad tax measure among its priorities. Every other open question (Portugal's missed Nationality Law implementing-regulation deadline, Spain's awaited Royal Decree rewrite of the absence-extinction rule, Greece's NET/GROSS income reading, Estonia's NET/GROSS conflict, UAE's income-floor/insurance rumors, South Korea's fee-by-nationality variance, Germany's unlaunched Remote Work Visa, Croatia's family/tax fields, Costa Rica's figures, Canada's visitor-status framing, France/UK's continued absence of a dedicated digital-nomad visa, Japan's processing-time range) was re-confirmed in its existing state. Infrastructure note: this pass's research agents again hit EGRESS_BLOCKED on essentially every government domain attempted, and on several non-government secondary domains too - a persistent proxy-level restriction, not evidence any tracked source itself changed status. Portugal, Spain, Italy, Greece, Estonia, United Arab Emirates, South Korea, Croatia, Thailand, Germany, Canada, France, United Kingdom, Japan, Costa Rica
- 2026-08-31 โ Source check across all 15 fiches after a 1-day gap (last pass 2026-08-30), using parallel research per country group. Another quiet pass - no published figure changed anywhere and no TBD field resolved, but several open questions got sharper citations. Portugal: the Nationality Law implementing-regulation deadline (17 Aug 2026) is now confirmed missed, with the only decree actually published in August turning out to be an unrelated stateless-person procedure; the AIMA D8 fee stays at EUR 170-180, still no official fee table found. Spain: traced the driver behind the awaited Royal Decree more precisely to STS 868/2026 (8 Jul 2026), which nullified the RLOEX provision behind the absence-extinction rule - and confirmed the separate RD 316/2026 (14 Apr 2026) is an unrelated regularizacion decree, not to be conflated with it; the 25 Aug 2026 Ley de Extranjeria reform remains a pre-Congress draft with no DNV provision. Italy: the rumored 'Digital Nomad Tax Bonus' is now traced to a Fratelli d'Italia proposal raised as the 2027 Budget Law discussion opened (~24 Aug 2026), not yet drafted into any bill text. Thailand: the THB 450 tourism-fee public hearing now has a concrete window (~24 Aug-28 Sep 2026, per thestar.com.my and other coverage), still with Q1 2027 collection targeted and healthInsurance staying genuinely TBD. Estonia, UAE, South Korea, Greece, Germany, Croatia, Costa Rica, Canada, France, UK and Japan: re-checked, no material change - every previously open question (Estonia's NET/GROSS conflict, UAE's income-floor and insurance rumors, South Korea's fee-by-nationality variance, Greece's NET/GROSS reading, Germany's unlaunched Remote Work Visa) was re-confirmed in its existing state. Infrastructure note: this pass's research agents again hit EGRESS_BLOCKED on essentially every government domain attempted (mfa.ee, u.ae, hikorea.go.kr, mup.gov.hr, migracion.go.cr, canada.ca, mofa.go.jp among others) from the environment's outbound proxy - a persistent proxy-level restriction, not evidence any tracked source itself changed status. Portugal, Spain, Italy, Greece, Estonia, United Arab Emirates, South Korea, Croatia, Thailand, Germany, Canada, France, United Kingdom, Japan, Costa Rica
- 2026-08-30 โ Source check across all 15 fiches after a 1-day gap (last pass 2026-08-29), using parallel research per country group. Headline result: another quiet pass - no published figure changed anywhere and no TBD field resolved. Portugal: the Nationality Law implementing-regulation deadline (missed 2026-08-16) remains unmet; the AIMA D8 card fee's ~EUR 170 figure gained reinforcing (not contradicting) corroboration from several 2026 sources converging on a EUR 170-180 range. Spain: still no Royal Decree rewrite of the absence-based extinction rule; a 25 Aug 2026 Council of Ministers draft bill reforming the Ley de Extranjeria was checked and ruled out as unrelated (asylum/Ceuta-driven, not a DNV change). Italy: still no Agenzia delle Entrate ruling naming Digital Nomad Visa holders for Regime Impatriati; confirmed the Digital Nomad Tax Bonus did not make it into the published 2026 Budget Law, remains unenacted. Greece: NET reading of EUR 3,500/month reconfirmed; the Law 5275/2026 route closures gained two more independent corroborating sources (now 4+ total), no new facts. Estonia: the NET-vs-GROSS conflict on EUR 4,500/month stays open, still no direct mfa.ee page read achieved. UAE: both rumors remain unresolved, now more clearly traced to a self-citing chain of six VisaHQ.com posts with zero independent corroboration found anywhere else. South Korea: fee-by-nationality variance stays TBD; scattered third-party nationality-specific figures surfaced but none from an official reciprocity table. Croatia: income, duration and bank-statement requirements all reconfirmed unchanged. Thailand: healthInsurance stays TBD; the THB 450 tourism-fee framework is confirmed still in public hearing, with collection now reported as targeted for Q1 2027. Germany, Canada, France, UK, Japan and Costa Rica: re-checked, no material change - Canada's IRCC bulletin URL and 6-month framing re-confirmed, France's OFII/stamp-duty fee rises now traced directly to the Legifrance statutory text (Article 128, Loi n. 2026-103) rather than only prefecture pages, and UK's GBP 135 fee confirmed as the Standard Visitor Visa specifically (distinct from the GBP 20 ETA fee). Infrastructure note: this pass's research agents reported the network-egress block on government domains now manifests specifically as EGRESS_BLOCKED from the environment's outbound proxy (not a site-level 403/DNS failure) across every domain attempted, including non-government control URLs - a proxy-level restriction, not evidence any tracked source itself changed status. Portugal, Spain, Italy, Greece, Estonia, United Arab Emirates, South Korea, Croatia, Thailand, Germany, Canada, France, United Kingdom, Japan, Costa Rica
- 2026-08-29 โ Source check across all 15 fiches after a 5-day gap (last pass 2026-08-24), using parallel research per country group. Headline result: another quiet pass - no published figure changed anywhere, no TBD field resolved, and every open question was re-confirmed in its existing state. Portugal: the Nationality Law's ~90-day implementing-regulation deadline (missed 2026-08-16) remains unmet, still nothing published; a single Jobbatical mention of a EUR 185.60 AIMA card fee was checked and not promoted (uncorroborated, the ~EUR 170 figure stands). Spain: no Royal Decree rewrite of the absence-based extinction rule found published or drafted; the EUR 2,849/month income figure re-traced again to RD 126/2026's SMI base, unchanged. Italy: still no Agenzia delle Entrate ruling naming Digital Nomad Visa holders specifically for Regime Impatriati; the draft 2026 Budget Law DNV tax-incentive amendment remains unenacted. Greece: the NET reading of EUR 3,500/month reconfirmed, no competing GROSS source resurfaced; the Law 5275/2026 lease/property-purchase closure (already corroborated by three independent law firms since 2026-08-04) is unchanged. Estonia: the NET-vs-GROSS conflict on EUR 4,500/month stays open - an AI-search-summarized claim favoring NET could not be independently verified against primary page text. UAE: both rumors (income floor USD 3,500-to-5,000; health insurance AED 150,000-to-500,000) remain unresolved, still tracing to the same single VisaHQ.com source cluster; independent sources continue to confirm USD 5,000 is a legitimate separate business-owner tier, not a hike to the employee floor - likely the rumor's origin via category conflation. South Korea: fee-by-nationality variance stays TBD; the uncorroborated ~HKD 470 Hong Kong figure found no second source this pass. Croatia: income (EUR 3,622.50/month), 18-month duration and the 6-month bank-statement history requirement all reconfirmed unchanged. Thailand: healthInsurance stays TBD; the Ministry of Public Health's mandatory-insurance proposal has evolved into a broader THB 450 tourism-entry-fee framework with a bundled basic insurance tier for all visitors (not DTV-specific), reported 2026-08-26 by Bangkok Post and corroborated by The Star, still at public-hearing stage - does not resolve the TBD. A single-sourced, unconfirmed claim of tightened DTV application scrutiny at some embassies from 2026-08-31 was flagged but not promoted (no independent press corroboration). Germany, Canada, France, UK, Japan and Costa Rica: re-checked, no material change found - all previously-flagged open items (Germany's unlaunched Remote Work Visa, Canada's disputed visitor-stay-length rumor, France's already-confirmed OFII/SMIC figures, UK's ETA/visitor-visa fees, Japan's non-canonical processing-time range, Costa Rica's fully-sourced figures) remain in the same state as 2026-08-24. Government sourcing note: research this pass relied entirely on WebSearch-indexed secondary/press corroboration, consistent with every prior pass; no direct fetches to government domains were attempted. Portugal, Spain, Italy, Greece, Estonia, United Arab Emirates, South Korea, Croatia, Thailand, Germany, Canada, France, United Kingdom, Japan, Costa Rica
- 2026-08-24 โ Source check across all 15 fiches after a 1-day gap (last pass 2026-08-23), using parallel research per country group. Headline result: a quiet pass - no published figure changed anywhere, no TBD field resolved, and every open question was re-confirmed in its existing state. Portugal: the Nationality Law's ~90-day implementing-regulation deadline (~2026-08-16) has now passed with nothing published found by any source, including one dated 2026-08-12 explicitly confirming non-publication as of that date. Spain: no Royal Decree rewrite of the absence-based extinction rule found published or drafted; the UGE-CE's 6-month presence verification at renewal is reconfirmed as still active and reportedly intensifying (~70% of files now audited retroactively, per reported sources). Italy: two more Agenzia delle Entrate rulings surfaced (Risposta n. 76/2026 and n. 82/2026, both pre-dating this pass and newly catalogued rather than newly issued) - both address Regime Impatriati for repatriated remote workers generally, still none naming Digital Nomad Visa holders by name; a draft 2026 Budget Law amendment proposing a DNV-specific tax incentive is circulating but unenacted. Estonia: the NET-vs-GROSS conflict on EUR 4,500/month stays open - the mfa.ee embassy cluster remains search-indexed as GROSS while e-resident.gov.ee's nomadvisa page is still described elsewhere as NET; neither page was reachable to adjudicate directly. UAE: both open rumors (income floor USD 3,500-to-5,000; health insurance AED 150,000-to-500,000) remain unresolved, still tracing to the same single VisaHQ.com source cluster. South Korea: fee-by-nationality variance stays TBD - one uncorroborated ~HKD 470 figure for Hong Kong residents surfaced but doesn't meet the corroboration bar. Croatia: the 6-month bank-statement history requirement reconfirmed unchanged; one stale aggregator figure (EUR 3,295/month, a 2025 number) was checked and does not contradict the published EUR 3,622.50 figure. Thailand: healthInsurance stays TBD, with a new negative-confirmation (Bangkok Post, via a secondary aggregator, stating no current health-insurance requirement on the visa) consistent with the existing TBD state; the Ministry of Public Health's mandatory-insurance-for-all-visitors proposal and the foreign-income remittance-tax exemption both remain unenacted, unchanged. Germany, Canada, France, UK, Japan and Costa Rica: re-checked, no material change found - all previously-flagged open items (Germany's unlaunched Remote Work Visa, Canada's disputed visitor-stay-length rumor, France's already-confirmed OFII/SMIC figures, UK's ETA/visitor-visa fees, Japan's non-canonical processing-time range, Costa Rica's fully-sourced figures) remain in the same state as 2026-08-23. Government sourcing note: WebFetch access to government domains was blocked across the board again this pass - one research thread (Americas/UAE) additionally confirmed the block extended to non-government control domains too (moving2canada.com, visahq.com, even en.wikipedia.org and bbc.com failed outright), consistent with a full network-egress lockdown rather than a government-specific block; every finding above rests on WebSearch-indexed secondary/press corroboration, consistent with every prior pass. Portugal, Spain, Italy, Greece, Estonia, United Arab Emirates, South Korea, Croatia, Thailand, Germany, Canada, France, United Kingdom, Japan, Costa Rica
- 2026-08-23 โ Source check across all 15 fiches after a 4-day gap (last pass 2026-08-19), using parallel research per country group. Headline result: one real field graduates out of TBD, one Canada finding meaningfully strengthens an already-published figure, and every other open question was re-confirmed in its existing state - no figure already published anywhere on the site was found to be wrong. Costa Rica: the `family` field graduates out of TBD for the first time - Article 11 of Ley N. 10.008 defines the eligible 'grupo familiar' as spouse/common-law partner, children under 25 (including disabled adult children of any age), and elderly dependents, with no per-dependent uplift (the existing USD 3,000-to-4,000/month income-floor step already covers it); corroboration strengthened from a thin 2-3-source lead flagged 2026-08-16 to 6+ independent sources including GHP Abogados citing Article 11 by number. Canada: located IRCC's own digital-nomad-specific operational bulletin ('Temporary residents: Digital nomads', 2026-05-26, search-indexed excerpt) stating nomads 'only need visitor status ... for up to 6 months at a time' - the strongest corroboration yet for the published 6-month visaDuration figure, and evidence against a separately-circulating '6 months to 1 year' CBSA-discretion rumor applying to nomad status specifically; added as a new official source. Estonia: a new official-source cluster - 8+ of Estonia's own Ministry of Foreign Affairs embassy sub-domains (mfa.ee: Washington, Tokyo, New Delhi, Canberra, Cairo, Abu Dhabi, Kyiv, Tbilisi) - are consistently search-indexed as stating the EUR 4,500/month figure GROSS, strengthening that reading considerably versus the official e-Residency page's NET wording; every mfa.ee page was itself unreachable to direct fetch, so the published NET figure is unchanged but applicants are now advised to budget for GROSS as the safer assumption. Croatia: no tracked figure changed; the income test's required bank-statement history is now consistently reported at 6 months (up from 3), added as a documentation detail. Portugal, Spain, Italy, Greece, UAE, South Korea, Thailand, Germany, France, UK and Japan: re-checked, no material change found - all previously-flagged open items (Portugal's still-unpublished Nationality Law implementing regulation, Spain's still-unpublished Royal Decree rewrite, Italy's Impatriati/DNV-naming gap, Greece's NET income reading, UAE's income-floor and health-insurance rumors, South Korea's fee-by-nationality variance, Thailand's health-insurance TBD, Germany's unlaunched Remote Work Visa, France's OFII fee structure, UK's visa/ETA fees, Japan's fee and processing time) remain open in the same state as 2026-08-19. Government sourcing note: WebFetch access to government domains was blocked across the board again this pass - confirmed each time against neutral non-government control domains too (en.wikipedia.org, bbc.com) - every finding above rests on WebSearch-indexed secondary/press corroboration, consistent with every prior pass. Portugal, Spain, Italy, Greece, Estonia, United Arab Emirates, South Korea, Croatia, Thailand, Germany, Canada, France, United Kingdom, Japan, Costa Rica
- 2026-08-19 โ Source check across all 15 fiches after a 3-day gap (last pass 2026-08-16), using parallel research per country group. Headline result: two fiches graduate hard/secondary fields out of TBD, one Canada data point gets meaningfully stronger (still unpromoted) sourcing, and every other open question was re-confirmed in its existing state - no figure already published anywhere on the site was found to be wrong. Croatia: the `family` field graduates out of TBD for the first time - reunification runs through the general Zakon o strancima (Aliens Act, NN 133/20, Article 56) family-reunification track, not a nomad-specific mechanism, with a +10%-of-prior-year-average-net-salary income top-up per additional dependent; corroboration strengthened from 3 thin, undated leads (2026-08-16) to 6 independent sources including two Croatian immigration-law firms (Kontic Legal, Bimaris) citing Article 56 by number plus a direct link to the Act's official text. South Korea: `healthInsurance` graduates out of TBD - the KRW 100,000,000 minimum-coverage figure (medical treatment plus repatriation) now traces to a consulate-level MOFA page (Seattle F-1-D program page) plus 5+ independent secondary guides, up from a search-summary-only lead on 2026-08-16; fee-by-nationality variance stays open, no comprehensive table found. Italy: the recurring ~EUR 28,000 income-figure misquote is now conclusively traced - the actual implementing decree text (Gazzetta Ufficiale Serie Generale n. 79, Article 3) confirms EUR 24,789 (3x the EUR 8,263.31 healthcare-exemption threshold) directly, strengthening confidence in the already-published figure; the Regime Impatriati/Digital-Nomad-Visa-naming gap stays open despite two new 2026 Agenzia delle Entrate rulings (Risposta n. 2/2026, Risoluzione n. 8/E) that address remote workers generally but not DNV holders by name. Greece: the NET reading of the EUR 3,500/month income floor gains its first named-law-firm corroboration (Dafni I. Siopi, siopi-law.gr, stating the figure explicitly as net-after-tax), on top of 3+ aggregator sources - well-corroborated now, though the migration.gov.gr circular itself remains unread. Spain: no Royal Decree rewrite of the absence-based extinction rule found published, and a new nuance surfaced - STS 2130/2026's binding legal scope is the EU-family-member-card regime, not the Digital Nomad Visa directly, and at least one 2026 practitioner source reports the UGE is still actively verifying the 6-month presence rule at renewal, so DNV-renewal absence protection is flagged as an open legal question rather than settled fact going forward. Portugal: the Nationality Law's 90-day implementing-regulation deadline (~2026-08-16/17) has now passed with nothing published found by any source - a new fact (deadline missed, not just at-risk) though the underlying prediction (slippage into September) is unchanged; AIMA card fee (~EUR 170) and D8 processing time (6-9 months) both reconfirmed. Canada: the visitor-stay-length rumor (6 months to 1 year) is now corroborated by 4+ independent immigration-consultancy sources citing a specific 2026-01-05 CBSA guidance date - stronger than 'untraceable' but still short of a primary IRCC or mainstream-press source, so left unpromoted; a separate 2026-05-26 documentation-tightening update was also noted. Estonia, UAE, Thailand, Germany, France, UK and Japan: re-checked, no material change found - all previously-flagged open items (Estonia's FAQ-vs-landing-page NET/GROSS conflict, UAE's AED 150,000-vs-500,000 health-insurance rumor, Thailand's health-insurance TBD, Germany's unlaunched Remote Work Visa) remain open in the same state as 2026-08-16. Government sourcing note: WebFetch access to government domains was blocked across the board again this pass (aima.gov.pt tested directly and returned an egress-block error) - every finding above rests on WebSearch-indexed secondary/press corroboration, consistent with every prior pass. Croatia, South Korea, Portugal, Spain, Italy, Greece, Estonia, United Arab Emirates, Thailand, Germany, Canada, France, United Kingdom, Japan, Costa Rica
- 2026-08-16 โ Source check across all 15 fiches after a 2-day gap (last pass 2026-08-14), using parallel research per country group. Headline result: one real fee correction, everything else reconfirmed unchanged or still genuinely open. Costa Rica: resolved the fees field's long-standing USD 100-vs-USD 90 DGME ambiguity - three independent sources (Jaros Immigration Experts, Rippling, TaxesForExpats) consistently describe these as two SEQUENTIAL government fees, not competing figures: USD 100 paid upfront at application, plus a separate ~USD 90 document/accreditation fee due later at the biometrics/document-collection stage, bringing total first-application government fees to roughly USD 190 (renewal is USD 90, likely the source of the earlier conflation). Croatia: new but thin (3 undated secondary sources) leads on the still-TBD family field - reunification reportedly runs through the general Zakon o strancima (NN 133/20) track with a +10%-per-dependent income top-up - below this project's sourcing bar, left unpromoted pending stronger corroboration. Portugal: the 2026-08-16 Nationality Law implementing-regulation deadline (Lei Organica n.o 1/2026, 90 days from the law's 2026-05-19 entry into force) is today, and as of this pass nothing has been published - real risk of slipping into September per multiple legal-advisory sources citing the mid-August holiday timing; watch the next pass. Spain: still no Royal Decree rewrite of the absence-based residence-extinction rule published, though several sources this pass describe the underlying Supreme Court ruling (STS 2130/2026) as already self-executing without requiring one; the previously-flagged family-uplift-figure discrepancy (+75%/+25% SMI) did not resurface this pass - current sources are consistent with the published figures. Italy: still no Agenzia delle Entrate ruling naming Digital Nomad Visa holders specifically for Regime Impatriati; the recurring ~EUR 28,000-vs-24,789 income-figure imprecision persists in one more low-detail source, flagged again rather than acted on. Greece: the NET (not GROSS) reading of the EUR 3,500/month income floor gained its strongest corroboration yet - a search-indexed snippet of what appears to be the official migration.gov.gr implementing circular states the figure explicitly as net-after-tax. Estonia: the FAQ-vs-landing-page NET/GROSS conflict on EUR 4,500/month remains open and unresolved, same split as previous passes. UAE: an independent global immigration law firm (Fragomen) corroborates the employee (USD 3,500) vs business-owner (USD 5,000) tier reading directly, the strongest independent evidence yet against the income-floor-hike rumor; the AED 150,000-vs-500,000 health-insurance rumor remains genuinely unresolved, unconfirmed by any source including Fragomen. South Korea, Thailand, Germany, Canada, France, UK and Japan: re-checked, no material change found - all previously-flagged open items (Korea's fee-by-nationality variance and a new unpromoted KRW 100,000,000 health-insurance lead, Thailand's health-insurance TBD, Germany's unlaunched Remote Work Visa, Canada's unconfirmed visitor-stay-length rumor) remain open in the same state as 2026-08-14. Government sourcing note: WebFetch access was entirely blocked across the board this pass - a blanket network-egress denial confirmed against neutral non-government control domains too (same pattern as recent prior passes) - every finding above rests on WebSearch-indexed secondary/press corroboration, not a direct page read. Costa Rica, Croatia, Portugal, Spain, Italy, Greece, Estonia, United Arab Emirates, South Korea, Thailand, Germany, Canada, France, United Kingdom, Japan
- 2026-08-14 โ Source check across all 15 fiches after a 3-day gap (last pass 2026-08-11), using parallel research per country group. Headline result: two fiches cross the indexability threshold for the first time. Croatia: fees (~EUR 87.59 in-country application, ~EUR 90-180 total depending on route) and taxRegime (foreign-employer income exempt under Article 9(1)(26) of the Income Tax Act, NN 138/20, sourced directly to Croatia's official gazette) graduate out of TBD, corroborated by 8-10 independent sources each - only family stays TBD, and Croatia now clears the freshness gate and enters the sitemap. Costa Rica: incomeMin (USD 3,000/mo solo, USD 4,000/mo with dependents), visaDuration (1 year + 1 renewal, 2-year max), taxRegime (fully exempt under Article 16 of Ley N. 10.008, sourced to an EY tax alert), fees (USD 100 government fee, plus a separately-reported ~USD 90 DGME fee not yet reconciled) and, as a bonus, healthInsurance (USD 50,000 minimum) and processingTime (~15 days review, up to 90 days to enter) all graduate out of TBD - family stays deliberately unpromoted (sourcing was thin, 2-3 sources, below this project's corroboration bar) so it doesn't inflate the sourcing bar with a weak fact; Costa Rica also now clears the freshness gate. Portugal: resolved the 30,000-case AIMA-backlog question flagged 2026-08-11 - now corroborated by Publico (2026-08-02) reporting a parliamentary statement, but the figure describes the closed legacy Estrutura de Missao unit, not the ongoing D8/general AIMA queue, so it does NOT justify shortening the 6-9 month processing-time estimate; that estimate stays unchanged, the question is now closed rather than open. The 2026-08-16 Nationality Law implementing-regulation deadline is 2 days out with nothing published yet - real risk of slipping into September per several 2026 legal-advisory sources. Spain, Italy, Greece, Estonia, UAE, South Korea, Thailand, France, Germany, UK, Japan and Canada: re-checked, no material change found - all previously-flagged open questions (Spain's Royal Decree rewrite and family-uplift figure, Italy's Impatriati/DNV-naming gap, Greece's NET/GROSS income ambiguity, Estonia's NET/GROSS conflict, UAE's income-floor and health-insurance rumors, South Korea's income/fee TBDs, Thailand's health-insurance TBD, Germany's unlaunched Remote Work Visa, Canada's disputed visitor-stay-length rumor) remain open in the same state as 2026-08-11 - see each fiche's dated re-verification log. Government sourcing note: direct-fetch access to official government domains was blocked across the board again this pass, this time as a blanket network-egress denial rather than site-specific 403s (confirmed against neutral non-government control domains too) - every finding above rests on independent secondary/press corroboration, consistent with every prior pass. Croatia, Costa Rica, Portugal
- 2026-08-11 โ Source check across all 13 fully-sourced fiches plus both tier-3 stubs after a 5-day gap (last pass 2026-08-06), using parallel research per country group. Headline result: one real figure correction and one factual bug fix, everything else reconfirmed unchanged. France: the small OFII stamp duty (droit de timbre) did rise from EUR 25 to EUR 50 on 2026-05-01 under the 2026 Finance Law - confirmed directly on five independent prefecture .gouv.fr pages (Oise, Bas-Rhin, Loire, Nord, Gers), correcting a figure this fiche had carried as 'unverified' since mid-July; separately chased and ruled out a rumored second July SMIC revaluation to ~EUR 1,843/month - official sources (info.gouv.fr, service-public.gouv.fr) are unanimous the only 2026 revaluation was 1 June, to EUR 1,867.02, which stays published. Costa Rica: found and fixed a citation error carried since this stub was staged on 2026-07-23 - the digital-nomad law is Ley N. 10.008, not Ley 9996 (an unrelated investor/rentier/pensioner law); multiple independent sources (Dentons, La Nacion, El Economista) confirm this. Croatia: graduated income (EUR 3,622.50/month, 2.5x the average net salary, or a EUR 43,470/65,205 savings alternative) and duration (18 months, non-renewable per a 2025-03-15 Aliens Act amendment) out of TBD for the first time since staging, on 4+ converging secondary sources including an apparent mup.gov.hr search-snippet echo; fees and tax regime remain TBD, so the fiche stays noindex under the freshness gate. Canada: added a real but non-headline finding - an IRCC operational bulletin (2026-05-26) now requires visitor-visa applicants to affirmatively document that income is earned entirely outside Canada, tightening the paperwork bar without changing the 'no fixed income figure' fact; a separately-circulating claim of a 6-month-to-1-year visitor-stay extension could not be traced to any IRCC source and was not incorporated. Portugal: flagged, not yet acted on, two items - the Nationality Law's implementing-regulation deadline (2026-08-16) is 5 days out with nothing published yet, and a single secondary report claims AIMA's pending-case backlog has dropped to ~30,000, which would argue for shortening the 6-9 month processing-time estimate but rests on an AIMA self-reported figure with no primary source readable to confirm it. Spain, Italy, Greece, Estonia, UAE, South Korea, Thailand, Germany, UK and Japan: re-checked, no material change found - see each fiche's dated re-verification log for what was specifically re-confirmed. Government sourcing note: direct-fetch access to official government domains was blocked across the board again this pass (broader than usual - several neutral non-government domains also failed for some research agents), consistent with every prior pass; all findings rest on independent secondary/press corroboration. Spain, Portugal, Italy, Greece, Estonia, United Arab Emirates, South Korea, Thailand, France, Germany, United Kingdom, Japan, Canada, Croatia, Costa Rica
- 2026-08-06 โ Source check across all 12 fiches, closing a research backlog that had built up since 2026-08-01 without reaching the live site. South Korea: the long-running USD 65,800-vs-73,926 income-floor split is now fully resolved (superseding an earlier same-day theory that the lower figure was a stale pilot-era GNI base) - both were conversions of the SAME won-denominated rule at different exchange rates (KRW 105m / 1,596 = 65,800; / 1,420 = 73,926), never competing thresholds. The test keys off the Bank of Korea's prior-year per-capita GNI in won (KRW 52.41m for 2025): standard tier ~KRW 105m, relaxed 18-34/non-metro tier ~KRW 52.4m, 18-34-in-Greater-Seoul middle tier ~KRW 78.6m. The published figure is redenominated from USD 73,926 to KRW 105,000,000 so it no longer drifts with FX, corroborated by Seoul Economic Daily's 2026-07-07 report of the Ministry of Justice announcement. Separately, the site's own approximate FX table (used only by the eligibility shortlister) was found materially stale at its 2026-07-05 rates - EUR/USD 1.08 vs ~1.15, EUR/JPY 168 vs ~184, a 6-10% error large enough to flip a borderline shortlist verdict - refreshed to 2026-08-06 rates with KRW added, without which the redenominated Korean figure would have dropped out of the matcher entirely. The USD 90 + 60,000 KRW/year fee figure is separately re-corroborated by a third independent source, and the previously-conflicting USD 45 figure turns out to be the flat US-nationality reciprocity fee applied to all Korean visas, not a separate F-1-D rate - fees graduate out of TBD. Italy: traced the recurring, unconfirmed ~EUR 28,000 income claim to its likely origin, a self-referential cluster of five commercial visahq.com articles with no independent Italian-press corroboration and an internal arithmetic error (28,000 is not 3x 24,789); independently re-verified EUR 24,789 = 3x the 2026 healthcare-exemption threshold (EUR 8,263.31) - EUR 24,789 stays published with strengthened confidence. Spain: corrected an imprecise 'applied by analogy' framing carried since mid-July - the ruling that actually protects Digital Nomad Visa renewals from absence-based extinction is the older STS 731/2023 (already reflected in RD 1155/2024), not the 2026 EU-family-card ruling (STS 2130/2026); still no Royal Decree rewrite published, no change to the EUR 2,849 income figure. Portugal: two further independent 2026 sources converge on EUR 155-185 for the D8-specific AIMA card fee, reinforcing that the higher ~EUR 440 general-category figure does not apply to this visa; AIMA opened online renewal for permits expiring through Dec 2026, a fresh, unactioned processing-time signal amid understaffing concerns. Estonia: the EUR 4,500/month NET-vs-GROSS conflict is now attributable to two specific official pages disagreeing with each other (the FAQ blog post reads GROSS, the nomadvisa landing page reads NET) rather than official-vs-secondary as previously framed - still unresolved pending a direct page read. Germany, UAE, Greece, France, Japan, Thailand, UK: re-checked, no material change found. Government sourcing note: direct-fetch access to official government domains (hikorea.go.kr, boe.es/exteriores.gob.es, aima.gov.pt, e-resident.gov.ee, u.ae, mfa.gr, gazzettaufficiale.it, make-it-in-germany.com) was blocked across the board again this pass; all of today's findings rest on independent secondary/press corroboration, consistent with every prior pass. South Korea, Italy, Spain, Portugal, Estonia, Germany, United Arab Emirates, Greece, France, Japan, Thailand, United Kingdom
- 2026-08-05 โ Source check across all 12 fiches after a 4-day gap (last pass 2026-08-01): broad stability, no headline figure changed anywhere, but several corroborations worth recording. South Korea: the full age/region income-tier table behind the June-2026 relaunch is now consistently reported across independent coverage - 1x GNI for ages 18-34 outside Greater Seoul, 1.5x for ages 18-34 in Greater Seoul or 35+ outside it, 2x GNI (USD 73,926, the published figure) for ages 35+ in Greater Seoul - and explains the previously-competing USD 65,800 figure as likely a superseded pilot-era GNI base rather than a genuine alternative; fees stay TBD (resolved the next day, see 2026-08-03). Italy: independently verified the arithmetic behind the EUR 24,789 income figure - it is exactly 3x the 2026 healthcare-cost-exemption threshold (EUR 8,263.31) - confirming the formula and further undercutting the recurring ~EUR 28,000 rounding some guides cite; two more 2026 Agenzia delle Entrate rulings checked for a digital-nomad-specific Impatriati tax ruling, still none found naming DNV holders explicitly. Spain: corrected an imprecise 'applied by analogy' framing carried since mid-July - the ruling that actually protects Digital Nomad Visa renewals from absence-based extinction is the older STS 731/2023 (already reflected in RD 1155/2024), not the 2026 EU-family-card ruling (STS 2130/2026) previously cited for that purpose; no Royal Decree rewrite found published, no change to the EUR 2,849 income figure. Portugal: AIMA fee and the closed family-reunification grandfather cutoff both re-confirmed unchanged; a public-sector union's early-August overtime boycott over AIMA understaffing adds a fresh data point to the existing 6-9 month processing-time estimate. Estonia: confirmed the block on e-resident.gov.ee is a standing network policy denial, not a transient site issue - explains repeated failed re-checks; the EUR 4,500/mo NET-vs-GROSS conflict remains unresolved. Greece, UAE, Germany, France, Japan, Thailand and UK: re-checked, no material change found. South Korea, Italy, Spain, Estonia, Portugal
- 2026-08-04 โ Daily source check across all 12 fiches - a quiet pass, no headline figure changed anywhere. Greece: a third independent legal-advisory domain (Zepos & Yannopoulos, one of Greece's largest law firms) now corroborates Law 5275/2026's broader reform, though it doesn't specifically confirm the lease/property-purchase closure clause still being chased. Portugal: traced the statutory basis for the 2026-08-16 near-term watch date - Lei Organica n.o 1/2026 requires the Nationality Law's implementing regulation within 90 days of its 2026-05-19 entry into force; nothing published yet, deadline still ahead. Italy: a visasupdate.com claim of a 'May 2026 joint ministerial decree' behind the recurring ~EUR 28,000 income figure was checked and dismissed as an isolated, uncorroborated date error; EUR 24,789 stays published. France: flagged (not yet acted on) a possible OFII stamp-fee discrepancy (EUR 25 vs a newer EUR 50 some sources cite) and a SMIC-revaluation date mismatch for a closer look on the next full review. South Korea, UAE, Spain, Estonia, Germany, Japan, Thailand, UK: re-checked, no material change found since each fiche's last pass; official government domains for all twelve countries remain unreachable on direct fetch, unchanged from prior passes. South Korea, Italy, United Arab Emirates, Greece, Spain, Portugal, Estonia, Germany, France, Japan, Thailand, United Kingdom
- 2026-08-03 โ Daily source check across all 12 fiches. South Korea: fees graduate out of TBD - three independent secondary sources published since the pilot's close (an EY Global tax alert, an Envoy Global news alert, and Korea Herald's post-launch visa Q&A) converge on USD 90 for the initial 1-year multiple-entry application plus 60,000 KRW (~USD 41) per annual extension, replacing the previously scattered USD 45-100 range. The same Korea Herald piece also fills in a previously-undocumented income-tier cell: applicants aged 18-34 who intend to live in Greater Seoul need 1.5x GNI per capita (~USD 55,445), between the 1x non-Seoul and 2x standard/35+ tiers, and holders who relocate into Greater Seoul after approval must meet the higher threshold at renewal or move back out within 6 months; hikorea.go.kr/immigration.go.kr/mofa.go.kr remain unreachable, so both figures stay 'reported', not 'official'. Portugal: no change to any tracked figure; noted the government's nationality-law regulatory deadline (2026-08-16) as a near-term date to watch next pass. Spain: still no Royal Decree rewrite of the absence-based extinction rule published; the single-sourced ~70% retroactive-audit claim remains uncorroborated. Italy, Greece, UAE, Estonia, Germany, France, Japan, Thailand and UK: re-checked, no material change found since each fiche's last pass. South Korea
- 2026-08-02 โ Daily source check across all 12 fiches: a quiet pass, reconfirmation only, no published figure changed and no TBD field resolved. South Korea: hikorea.go.kr/immigration.go.kr/mofa.go.kr still unreachable; no source this pass restates the standard-tier USD 73,926 income figure at all (only the relaxed 1x-GNI tier came up), so it stays 'reported' rather than gaining or losing corroboration; fees stay TBD. Spain: still no Royal Decree rewrite of the absence-based residence-extinction rule; targeted searches surfaced only the already-ruled-out RD 316/2026 and the unrelated regularizacion decree BOE-A-2026-2142. UAE: independent sources continue to reinforce the 2026-08-01 reframing of the USD 5,000 rumor as a separate business-owner/freelancer tier rather than a hike to the USD 3,500 employee floor, without adding a new data point. Greece: no fresh independent re-confirmation of the Law 5275/2026 lease/property-purchase closure clause beyond what was already on file - inconclusive, not a contradiction. Italy: the recurring EUR 26,000-28,000 range still traces to no decree citation; the Digital Nomad Tax Bonus remains an unenacted 2026 Budget Law proposal. Portugal, Estonia, Germany, France, Japan, Thailand and UK: re-checked, no material change. South Korea, Spain, United Arab Emirates, Greece, Italy
- 2026-08-01 โ Daily source check across all 12 fiches, with one country graduating out of TBD. South Korea: the income floor is no longer TBD - independent coverage of the visa's June 2026 relaunch (Human Resources Online) restates the standard-tier rule as '2x per-capita GNI' without the previously-competing, unexplained USD 65,800 figure, leaving USD 73,926 (the only value that checks out arithmetically against the well-corroborated USD 36,963 2025 GNI base) as the published figure at 'reported' confidence; hikorea.go.kr/immigration.go.kr/mofa.go.kr remain unreachable, so this stays short of 'official'. Fees stay TBD. Italy: a visahq.com claim of a precisely-dated '2026-03-02 Gazzetta Ufficiale decree' behind the recurring ~EUR 28,000 income figure could not be verified anywhere and is now flagged as likely spurious; EUR 24,789 stays published. Separately, located the actual Agenzia delle Entrate ruling (Risposta n. 2/2026, 12 January 2026) confirming Regime Impatriati access for returnees doing smart working for a foreign employer, on Italian territory - resolves the general question though it doesn't name digital-nomad-visa holders specifically. UAE: broader independent sourcing this pass reframes the long-running USD 5,000 income-floor rumor as most likely describing a separate, pre-existing business-owner/freelancer tier rather than a 2026 hike to the employee floor - USD 3,500 stays published for employees, with more corroboration against a change than before. Greece: located the primary legal citation for Law 5275/2026 (Government Gazette FEK A' 17/06.02.2026) via three independent legal-database mirrors, corroborating the law's existence and broad subject matter, though the specific lease/property-purchase closure clause itself remains unconfirmed against a primary text. Spain: still no Royal Decree rewrite of the absence-based residence-extinction rule found; a single legal-advisory source adds detail to the UGE's post-approval audit practices (reportedly ~70% of files re-reviewed), not independently corroborated. Portugal, Estonia, Germany, France, Japan, Thailand and UK: re-checked, no material change found since each fiche's last pass; official government domains for Portugal (AIMA), Spain (BOE), Estonia (e-resident.gov.ee, politsei.ee) and South Korea remain 403 on direct fetch across the board. South Korea, Italy, United Arab Emirates, Greece, Spain
- 2026-07-31 โ Daily source check across all 12 fiches. Greece: the lease/property-purchase loophole closure under Law 5275/2026 (flagged 2026-07-29 as single-sourced and unconfirmed) is now corroborated by a second independent legal-advisory source (siopi-law.gr, alongside the original Bernitsas Law overview) - both describe Type C-visa/visa-waiver entrants losing the option to use a lease or property contract for the Type I.8 permit, now needing the full consulate-first Digital Nomad D-visa route instead; promoted from an unpromoted flag to a reported, corroborated note (mfa.gr/migration.gov.gr still unreachable directly). Italy: located the actual Gazzetta Ufficiale text of the 2024-02-29 digital-nomad decree (via a hosted PDF copy) - it corroborates rather than changes the 2026-07-23/27 finding that no separate 'March 2026 decree' exists; the recurring ~EUR 28,000 figure some guides cite is the same consulate-level rounding already flagged, not a new threshold. EUR 24,789 stays published. Germany: re-checked the forthcoming Remote Work Visa flagged in the Federal Foreign Office's April 2026 Visa Handbook (~EUR 1,200/mo, reported by remoteworkeurope.eu and others) - still not launched, still a WATCH item only, not promoted into tracked fields. UAE, Spain, Portugal and South Korea: re-checked their respective open questions (income-floor rumor, absence-based residence-extinction Royal Decree, AIMA card fee, income/fee tiers) - no material change on any of them, all previously-published figures reconfirmed. Estonia, France, Japan, Thailand and UK: re-checked, no material change found since each fiche's last pass. Greece, Italy, Germany
- 2026-07-30 โ Daily source check across all 12 fiches. Portugal: found the first D8-specific guide published clearly after March 2026's AIMA fee-table revision to state a concrete residence-card figure - idealista.pt/en (2026-03-31) cites EUR 185.60 for the D8 residence permit (plus a EUR 109.40 application fee) - close to the EUR 170 estimate already tracked here and well below the EUR 440 general-category figure flagged since 2026-07-25; this is the strongest evidence yet that the March revision's higher fee lines apply to other residence categories, not the D8, though it stays secondary-sourced pending an AIMA official page. Also: a citizen petition asking Parliament for transitional protections under the pre-reform 5-year citizenship rule was discussed by committee on 2026-06-06 - no legislative change resulted, the 10-year/7-year timeline stands. Spain: the awaited Royal Decree rewrite of the absence-based residence-extinction rule remains unpublished; separately, secondary sources report the UGE's Digital Nomad Office is now also tightening scrutiny at the application stage (3 months of payslips/invoices plus bank-ownership certificates, stricter health-insurance/Social-Security document review), not just at renewal - enforcement practice, not a new legal requirement, no tracked figure changes. UAE: re-checked the USD 3,500-vs-5,000 income-floor rumor and the AED 500,000 health-insurance rumor - no new official-page access, no new mainstream press coverage either way; USD 3,500 stays published. South Korea: hikorea.go.kr/immigration.go.kr/mofa.go.kr still unreachable; income-tier and fee figures stay TBD, sources still conflict on the GNI-multiplier conversion. Italy: re-checked the Digital Nomad Tax Bonus vs. Regime Impatriati question and the EUR 24,789 income figure - no primary source resolves either, both stay as previously published. Germany, Estonia, France, Greece, Japan, Thailand and UK: re-checked, no material change found since each fiche's last pass. Spain, Portugal
- 2026-07-29 โ Daily source check across all 12 fiches: broad stability, no headline-figure changes anywhere, but two open questions were traced further and two minor nuances surfaced. UAE: traced the USD 3,500-to-5,000 income-floor rumor to its origin - nearly every instance of the claim (across a dozen-plus commercial and legal-services sites) leads back to a small cluster of visahq.com blog posts published between 2026-01-07 and 2026-05-15, echoed rather than independently corroborated; USD 3,500 stays published with the citation-laundering pattern now confirmed rather than merely suspected. Italy: the recurring ~EUR 28,000 income-figure claim (vs. the published EUR 24,789) was checked again across five more 2026 guide sites - the figures are mutually inconsistent (EUR 25,500-34,087) and none cites a decree number, matching the same unconfirmed-rounding pattern already dismissed on 2026-07-23/27; EUR 24,789 stays published. Greece: on its first re-check since 2026-07-12, a single unconfirmed source (Bernitsas Law, itself unreachable on direct fetch) suggests Law 5275/2026 may also have closed the lease/property-purchase route to the Type I.8 residence permit for nomads entering on a Type C visa - plausible but not independently corroborated, so not promoted; separately, the Type I.8 fee (~EUR 1,000) is now reported unchanged post-reform by two independent sources, resolving the fee re-verification flagged since Law 5275/2026 took effect. Estonia: on its first re-check since 2026-07-08, search-indexed content suggests the long-standing NET-vs-GROSS conflict on the EUR 4,500/mo income figure may run deeper than tracked - e-resident.gov.ee's own FAQ page and its nomadvisa landing page may state different bases - flagged for a direct-fetch follow-up rather than acted on, since neither page could be independently read this pass. Spain: still no Royal Decree rewrite of the absence-based residence-extinction rule found published; the only other 2026 amendment located (a broader Supreme Court ruling on unrelated RD 1155/2024 precepts) does not address it. Portugal: a single-sourced claim of a second family-reunification grace period (to ~2026-10-19, for sponsors with an application already in preparation) was checked and left unpromoted - it looks like it may simply restate the already-corrected Oct-19 date rather than a genuine second window. South Korea: income and fees stay TBD; the top-tier GNI multiplier conversion still splits between two figures and the official age/region table remains unpublished. Japan, Thailand, France, Germany and UK: re-checked, no material change found since each fiche's last pass; Germany's rumored dedicated Remote Work Visa still has not launched. United Arab Emirates, Greece, Estonia, Italy
- 2026-07-28 โ Daily source check across all 12 fiches. UAE: for the first time since this rumor started, a mainstream UAE outlet was found discussing it directly - Khaleej Times' own 2026 visa-rule-changes roundup states the remote-work-visa income floor 'remains' at USD 3,500/month and attributes this year's real change to the 6-month bank-statement requirement, not an income rise. u.ae/ICP/GDRFA still 403 on direct fetch, so this is a search-indexed press read rather than a page fetch, but it is the strongest corroboration yet against the long-running USD 5,000 claim, which continues to circulate on commercial visa-processing sites. USD 3,500 stays published. South Korea: hikorea.go.kr still unreachable directly; a fresh batch of tax/immigration guides repeats the already-known ~USD 45 base fee for US applicants without resolving the genuine by-nationality fee variance or the disputed top-tier income conversion - both stay TBD, no material change. Spain: chased a candidate Real Decreto 1166/2024 that looked like it might be the Royal Decree rewrite of the absence-based residence-extinction rule flagged since 2026-06-16 - ruled out on inspection, as it governs a 12-month absence threshold for long-duration residence specifically (in force since May 2025), not the 6-month temporary-residence rule the digital nomad visa falls under. The awaited rewrite itself is still unpublished. Portugal, Italy, Estonia, France, Germany, Greece, Japan, Thailand and UK: re-checked, no material change found since each fiche's last pass; Germany's forthcoming dedicated Remote Work Visa still has not launched. United Arab Emirates, South Korea, Spain
- 2026-07-27 โ Daily source check, with one correction affecting current applicants. Portugal: resolved the grandfather-cutoff date flagged on 2026-07-25 - independent legal-advisory sources (Andersen, M|B Advogados) confirm Lei 61/2025's transitional window for family reunification ran 180 days from the law's 2025-10-23 entry into force, closing around 2026-04-22, not 2026-10-19 as previously (and incorrectly) tracked; that window is now CLOSED, so any D8 sponsor who did not file within it must meet the standard 2-year prior-residence rule. Also re-confirmed the AIMA residence-card fee stays at ~EUR 155-170 for the D8 category specifically, unaffected by the broader March-2026 fee-table rise. South Korea: the F-1-D income-tier region list (Seoul/Incheon/Gyeonggi vs. elsewhere) is now well corroborated across independent guides, but the exact dollar conversion for the top income tier and the visa fee both stay TBD - genuine source disagreement persists on both figures. UAE: a wider search surfaced still more secondary sources asserting the USD 5,000 income floor as settled, but at least one other current guide states USD 3,500 remains in place, and official pages plus mainstream UAE press remain unreachable - USD 3,500 stays published pending a primary-source read. Italy: chased a claimed 'March 2026 implementing decree' surfaced by a search summary - found no trace of it in Italian legal press; the operative decree is still the original 2024-02-29 one, EUR 24,789 unchanged. Spain: re-checked for the Royal Decree rewrite of the absence-based residence-extinction rule reported in June - still not published. Estonia, France, Germany, Greece, Japan, Thailand and UK: re-checked, no material change found since each fiche's last pass. Portugal, South Korea, United Arab Emirates, Italy, Spain
- 2026-07-25 โ SEO pass: added Canada as a new fiche (no dedicated digital nomad visa - ordinary visitor status covers foreign-employer remote work per IRCC policy) after an Ahrefs check found ~300 searches/mo at near-zero difficulty with zero prior site coverage, sourced directly to canada.ca/IRCC and CRA pages. Also closed an internal-linking gap: Spain and Portugal, the site's top validated-demand and best-sourced fiches, had zero link from anywhere outside the homepage and other countries' compare sections - added to the sitewide header nav so every page now links to them, not just the homepage table. Canada, Spain, Portugal
- 2026-07-25 โ Daily source check across all 12 fiches. South Korea's max-stay duration (1-year grant, renewable, 3-year total) is now well-corroborated across 5+ independent sources tied to the 2026-07-07 Ministry of Justice announcement and graduates out of TBD; income and fees stay TBD as sources still conflict on the exact GNI multiplier and fee figures (743 visas issued / 398 active holders as of May 2026, added as context). Italy: filled the previously-TBD processing-time field with a consulate-guidance consensus range (30-60 days employees, 90-120 days freelancers). Portugal: flagged two open items for the next pass rather than changing published figures - the AIMA residence-card fee (currently tracked at ~EUR 170) may have risen toward EUR 300-440 under a March-2026 fee-table revision, and the reported Oct-19-2026 family-reunification grandfather cutoff looks inconsistent with the 180-day transitional window described elsewhere (which would close around April 2026) - both unresolved, not yet promoted into tracked fields. Spain: the EUR 2,849/month income figure now checks out arithmetically against the official 2026 SMI decree, and a candidate Royal Decree (RD 316/2026) was checked and ruled out as the rewrite referenced in earlier reporting - no change to the published figure. UAE: traced the increasingly-consistent USD 5,000 income-floor rumor back toward a single commercial originator (a pattern consistent with republication rather than independent corroboration), and found current Gulf News pages still stating USD 3,500 with no mention of any change - USD 3,500 stays published. Greece, Estonia, Japan, Thailand, France, Germany and UK: re-checked, no material change found since each fiche's last pass. Portugal, Italy, South Korea, Spain, United Arab Emirates
- 2026-07-24 โ Daily source check across all 11 fiches (plus South Korea, Croatia, Costa Rica): no headline-figure changes, but two items refined. Spain: pinned down the exact citation for the 5 May 2026 Supreme Court ruling flagged on 2026-07-18 - Judgment 564/2026, ECLI:ES:TS:2026:2130 - and found a new, concrete follow-on: the Interior Ministry has reportedly issued an interim circular telling Extranjeria/police to suspend open absence-based residence-extinction procedures while a full Royal Decree rewrite is prepared, a favorable procedural step for renewals (still secondary-sourced, not a fetchable official circular). UAE: a wider search surfaced more secondary sources than previously found for the long-running USD 3,500-to-5,000 income-floor rumor, telling a noticeably more consistent story (same January-2026 circular, same 2026-04-23 effective date, same figures) than the conflicting accounts read on 2026-07-19 - but with u.ae/ICP/GDRFA still unreachable directly and zero mainstream UAE press coverage, this stays flagged as reported and unconfirmed, not fact; USD 3,500 remains the published figure. France, Thailand, Portugal, UK, Germany, Italy, Greece, Estonia and Japan: re-checked, no material change found since the last pass. Spain, United Arab Emirates
- 2026-07-23 โ Daily source check, plus a new country. South Korea officially launched a Digital Nomad (Workation) visa, F-1-D, on 2026-06-30 (eligibility eased 2026-07-07) - added as a new fiche with program status confirmed via press coverage (Korea Herald, Erickson Immigration Group), but every hard fact (income, fees, duration specifics) stays marked TBD until an official Korean government page can be read directly; reported details point to a per-capita-GNI-linked income test (varies by applicant age/region) and a maximum stay extended from 2 to 3 years, but these were not precise enough to publish as sourced figures. Italy: chased the ~EUR 28,000 income figure some 2026 guides cite against the EUR 24,789 published value - found no 2026 Gazzetta Ufficiale decree behind it; the only digital-nomad decree on record is still the original 2024-02-29 one, so EUR 24,789 stays published with strengthened confidence. UAE: the long-running USD 3,500-to-5,000 income-floor rumor's claimed 2026-04-23 effective date is now three months past with still no official or independent confirmation - USD 3,500 is now treated as confirmed current rather than merely unrebutted. South Korea, Italy, United Arab Emirates
- 2026-07-23 โ SEO/traffic review pass. Added two new fiches from the MVP roadmap's tier-3 list (data/README.md): Croatia (Digital Nomad Residence Permit) and Costa Rica (Digital Nomad Visa, Ley 9996) - both confirmed active in current reporting, both already referenced by name in the Germany/UK guides with no page to link to until now. Hard facts on both stay TBD pending an official sourcing pass, so both are noindex under the usual freshness gate. Separately, a site-audit turned up three fiches (France, Germany, UK) whose meta description was running 180-200 characters and getting truncated in search results; added a short, separate <=155-char summary for the SERP snippet on each, without touching the on-page intro paragraph. Also added a homepage FAQ section targeting broader, category-level queries a brand-new site has more realistic room to rank on than country-specific terms. Croatia, Costa Rica, France, Germany, United Kingdom
- 2026-07-19 โ Daily source check across all 11 fiches: no headline-figure changes, but three items updated. UAE: the long-watched rumor of a USD 3,500-to-5,000 monthly income-floor rise has new but conflicting secondary reporting (a January-2026 ICP/GDRFA circular, said to take effect 2026-04-23) - some sources describe a flat USD 5,000 for everyone, others a tiered rule where employees stay at USD 3,500 and only business owners/freelancers move to USD 5,000; a parallel rumor claims the health-insurance minimum rose from AED 150,000 to AED 500,000. No official u.ae/ICP/GDRFA page could be read to confirm either change, so the fiche keeps USD 3,500 as the published figure and flags both rumors as unverified - worth a heads-up for anyone relying on the old number while this resolves. France: the 2026-05-01 OFII post-arrival fee rise (EUR 200 to 300) is now traced to a specific law - Article 128 of Loi n. 2026-103 du 19 fevrier 2026 - upgrading its sourcing without changing the figure. Thailand: confirmed the foreign-income remittance tax rule (Order Por. 161/2566) is unchanged; a proposed 2-year exemption window stalled when Parliament dissolved for the February 2026 election and has not been revived, so no relief is currently in force. United Arab Emirates, France, Thailand
- 2026-07-18 โ Daily source check: no changes to headline figures across the 11 fiches, but two dated Spanish court rulings were added as renewal caveats on Spain's fiche. The Supreme Court (STS 2130/2026, 2026-05-05) voided the rule letting a residence card lapse solely for 6+ months of annual absence - that ruling is specifically about the EU-family-member card, but several 2026 immigration-law sources report it reinforces the same protection for Digital Nomad Visa renewals by analogy (not an official DNV-specific ruling, so treated as reported, not official). Separately, a TSJ Madrid ruling (Sentencia 26/2026) upheld terminating a remote-worker permit for not registering with Spanish Social Security from day one, consistent with reporting that the UGE's reorganized Digital Nomad Office is enforcing existing requirements more strictly in 2026 - so overall renewal risk has shifted, not disappeared, even though the specific 183-day-absence ground for denial is gone. Spain
- 2026-07-17 โ Re-checked all 11 fiches against current sources. Portugal: the 2026 Nationality Law reform (10 years to citizenship, 7 for EU/CPLP) held up under Constitutional Court review and remains in force unchanged since 2026-05-19 - the Court struck down four unrelated provisions, not the residency timeline. Family reunification's 2-year prior-residence rule is confirmed too, with added exemptions: minor and dependent-student children don't face the wait at all, and a spouse/partner with 18 months of prior cohabitation gets a reduced 15-month wait. Also newly sourced: the D8's consulate visa fee (EUR 110), resolving a previously TBD field. UK: corrected a fees error - visa-exempt visitors (most EU, US, Canada, Australia) no longer travel free; the Electronic Travel Authorisation reached full mandatory enforcement on 2026-02-25 and its fee rose to GBP 20 on 2026-04-08. Spain: the 2,442-vs-2,849 EUR income-floor discrepancy is now explained (Real Decreto 126/2026 fixed the 2026 SMI at EUR 1,221/month; EUR 2,849 is 200% of that figure annualized and reprorated - the basis actually applied), and the Beckham Law 24%/EUR 600k tax figures are now independently corroborated directly on AEAT's own domain rather than a single secondary blog. Portugal, United Kingdom, Spain
- 2026-07-16 โ Two corrections from this pass's source check: France reversed its own mid-2025 ban - a 2026-06-23 Journal Officiel response from the Ministry of the Interior confirms the long-stay Visitor visa (visa visiteur) is compatible with remote work for a foreign employer after all, provided the work stays outside the French economy (paid and taxed abroad, no French clients or France-based business); Profession Liberale and Talent Passport remain the routes for nomads who do plug into the French economy. Separately, the UAE's Virtual Work Residence Visa still floors income at USD 3,500/month (the rumored rise to USD 5,000 has not happened), but GDRFA now requires 6 months of bank statements as proof, up from 3, effective since late January 2026. France, United Arab Emirates
- 2026-07-12 โ Re-checked all 10 fiches against current sources. Two corrections: France's long-stay visitor visa is no longer a viable remote-work workaround (a ban has been enforced since mid-2025) - the fiche now points to the Profession Liberale / Talent Passport routes instead; Portugal's path to citizenship moved from 5 to 10 years (7 for EU/CPLP nationals) under its 2026 Nationality Law reform, and family reunification now needs 2 years of prior residence in most cases. Also: Japan's visa fee and processing time are no longer TBD, Germany now flags a forthcoming dedicated Remote Work Visa, and Italy notes a pending 2026 Budget Law tax incentive for nomad-visa holders. France, Portugal, Japan, Germany, Italy, Spain, Greece, Thailand
| Country | Status | Min income | Duration | Tax | Family | Last verified |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ๐จ๐ฆ Canada | none_alternative | TBD | 6 mo | Under 183 days in Canada in a calendar year, without significant residential ties, keeps you a non-resident for tax purposes - taxed only on Canadian-source income, not your foreign remote salary. Reaching 183 days in the year makes you a deemed resident, taxed on worldwide income. | Yes | 2026-08-11 |
| ๐จ๐ท Costa Rica | active | 3,000 USD / mo | 12 mo (renewable) | Foreign-sourced income earned under the Estancia para Trabajadores Remotos is fully exempt from Costa Rican income tax (impuesto sobre la renta/utilidades); permit holders are not treated as habitual Costa Rican tax residents for this income, and it is not treated as Costa Rican-source income. Beneficiaries are also exempt from import taxes on personal computer/telecom equipment needed for their work. The visa does not permit providing services to Costa Rica-domiciled clients. | Yes | 2026-08-14 |
| ๐ญ๐ท Croatia | active | 3,622.5 EUR / mo | 18 mo | Income earned from an employer or business not registered in Croatia, while holding valid Digital Nomad Residence Permit status, is exempt from Croatian income tax. The exemption does not cover passive income (dividends, capital gains, rental income, pensions), and reportedly persists past the 183-day tax-residency trigger for the life of the permit. | Yes | 2026-09-05 |
| ๐ช๐ช Estonia | active | 4,500 EUR / mo | 12 mo | Staying more than 183 days makes you an Estonian tax resident (flat personal income tax, ~20-22%), taxed on worldwide income. Under 183 days, Estonia generally does not tax your foreign income. | Yes | 2026-07-08 |
| ๐ซ๐ท France | none_alternative | 1,867 EUR / mo | 12 mo (renewable) | Living in France more than 183 days generally makes you a French tax resident, taxed on worldwide income at French rates. Double-taxation treaties apply. | Yes | 2026-07-16 |
| ๐ฉ๐ช Germany | none_alternative | TBD | 24 mo (renewable) | Living in Germany more than 183 days generally makes you a German tax resident, taxed on worldwide income. Freelancers register with the Finanzamt and receive a Steuernummer. | Yes | 2026-07-08 |
| ๐ฌ๐ท Greece | active | 3,500 EUR / mo | 12 mo (renewable) | New tax residents may access a 50% income-tax exemption for up to 7 years (Art. 5C), but it is NOT automatic and generally does NOT apply to pure foreign-source remote income. Staying >183 days makes you a Greek tax resident, taxed on worldwide income at standard rates. | Yes | 2026-09-05 |
| ๐ฎ๐น Italy | active | 24,789 EUR / yr | 12 mo (renewable) | If you become an Italian tax resident (183+ days), income is taxable under IRPEF. Two optional favorable regimes (cannot be combined): Regime Forfettario (5% flat for self-employed under EUR 85k, first 5 years, 15% after) or Regime Impatriati (50% of qualifying income exempt for 5 years). Employees kept on a foreign contract may be taxed under treaty rules. | Yes | 2026-08-05 |
| ๐ฏ๐ต Japan | active | 10,000,000 JPY / yr | 6 mo | A stay of 6 months (under 183 days) generally does not make you a Japanese tax resident, so foreign income is not taxed by Japan under the visa. | Yes | 2026-07-05 |
| ๐ต๐น Portugal | active | 3,680 EUR / mo | 24 mo (renewable) | The old NHR regime closed to new entrants; the successor incentive is IFICI ("NHR 2.0", 2024), which is narrower and role-restricted. Do not assume a blanket tax break. | Yes | 2026-07-17 |
| ๐ฐ๐ท South Korea | active | 105,000,000 KRW / yr | 12 mo (renewable) | Remote income earned for a non-Korean employer or client - the only kind the F-1-D visa permits - is not taxed by Korea for the common case (physical presence under 183 days/year). Employees who do qualify as tax resident can elect an optional 19% flat tax rate instead of Korea's progressive brackets; freelancers and sole proprietors are not eligible for that flat rate. | Yes | 2026-08-06 |
| ๐ช๐ธ Spain | active | 2,849 EUR / mo | 12 mo (renewable) | Optional special expat regime (Beckham Law): 24% flat on Spanish-source income up to EUR 600k (47% above that threshold from the same payer); foreign-source income generally untaxed under the regime. | Yes | 2026-07-25 |
| ๐น๐ญ Thailand | active | TBD | 6 mo (renewable) | Foreign income may be taxable in Thailand if you become a Thai tax resident (183+ days) and remit it; rules on remitted foreign income tightened recently. | Yes | 2026-07-05 |
| ๐ฆ๐ช United Arab Emirates | active | 3,500 USD / mo | 12 mo (renewable) | No personal income tax in the UAE, so foreign income is not taxed at the personal level. (5% VAT on goods/services; 9% corporate tax above AED 375k profit - neither is personal income tax.) | Yes | 2026-07-27 |
| ๐ฌ๐ง United Kingdom | none_alternative | TBD | 6 mo | A visit that stays within the Standard Visitor visa's 6-month cap is not automatically outside UK tax residence: the Statutory Residence Test (SRT) can make you UK tax-resident from as few as 46 days a year if you have strong UK ties, or up to 183 days with none. Nomads working remotely from the UK should count SRT days, not just visa validity. | Yes | 2026-07-16 |
How this database works
Most digital nomad visa content on the internet is a listicle: written once, ranked forever, quietly wrong within months. Income thresholds move with minimum wages, fees rise, application routes open and close โ and the top search results keep repeating last yearโs numbers. This site is built around that problem. Every country is a standardized fiche where each hard fact โ the income floor, the duration, the tax rule, the family conditions, the fees โ links to the official government or consular source it came from and shows the date we last checked it.
When we cannot verify a figure against an official source, we mark it TBD instead of guessing, and a fiche with too many unverified facts stays out of search results entirely until the sourcing is done. When official pages disagree with the numbers circulating online โ which happens more often than you would expect โ we document the conflict on the fiche rather than pick the convenient figure. The full rules are on the how we source page, and every reference we rely on is listed, dated and rated on the sources page.
To use it: sort the table above by income or duration, or let the eligibility checker shortlist countries against your income and situation in under a minute. Then read the country pages โ each carries a written guide covering who the visa fits, how the application runs, and the pitfalls that actually cause refusals โ and our guides for the cross-country questions: taxes, income requirements, and how a nomad visa differs from a tourist stay.
Frequently asked questions
- What is a digital nomad visa?
- A digital nomad visa is a residence permit for people who earn their living from outside the country they want to live in - a foreign employer or foreign clients, not local work. It gives an explicit legal right to reside (and usually work remotely) for a defined, often renewable period, in exchange for proof of income, health insurance, and sometimes a clean criminal record.
- How much income do I need for a digital nomad visa?
- It varies by country and is usually pegged to a multiple of the local minimum wage, so the figure moves year to year - which is why every income figure on this site is dated and sourced rather than fixed. Bringing a partner or children raises the requirement. Run your income through the eligibility checker to see which countries you currently clear.
- Which digital nomad visa has the lowest income requirement?
- Among the popular European options, Spain sets one of the lower monthly income floors, which is a large part of why it tops search interest. Requirements differ by unit (monthly vs annual, gross vs net) and currency, so compare them on the home page table rather than by eye.
- Does a digital nomad visa affect my taxes?
- The visa and your tax residency are two different systems. Most countries make you a tax resident once you spend more than 183 days there in a year, regardless of what your visa is called - so a visa marketed as tax-friendly can still make you a full tax resident if you live there most of the year. See our tax guide for the full picture; this is general information, not tax advice.
- Which countries have a digital nomad visa?
- 11 countries in this database currently run a dedicated digital nomad visa program: Costa Rica, Croatia, Estonia, Greece, Italy, Japan, Portugal, South Korea, Spain, Thailand, United Arab Emirates. Several more high-search-interest countries (France, Germany, Canada, the UK) have no visa officially called a "digital nomad visa" - each has its own fiche below explaining the real route remote workers use instead. The full sourced comparison, including countries not yet meeting this site's indexing bar, is in the table below.